Brown – Hopps (Gram) Staining Procedure for Bacteria

Purpose:
This standard operating procedure (SOP) establishes the standard for staining amyloid in using the Bennhold’s Congo Red staining procedure.

Reagents and Materials:

Reagents

1%Congo Red
Congo Red 1.0gm
Distilled water 100ml

Saturated Lithium Carbonate
Lithium Carbonate 1.3gm
Distilled water 100ml

Hematoxylin
Commercially prepared by Anatech Co.
Expiration date and lot number on bottle.
Store at room temperature.

Materials
Tissue slides and control slides for special stain requested.
Microwave to bake slides.
Staining rack, 20 slide capacity.
Coverslips and synthetic mounting media.

Hazards and Precautions:
See Material Safety Data Sheets.

Sample Preparations:
Paraffin tissue section slides cut at 4 microns.

Calibration and Standardization:
A tissue section slide containing amyloid is stained with each procedure.

Procedure:

1. Deparaffinize and hydrate to distilled water.

2. Congo Red - 30minutes.

3. Saturated Lithium Carbonate - 10 seconds.

4. Tap water rinse

5. Hematoxylin - 1 minute.

6. Proceed as routine staining omitting Eosin.

7. Distilled,clear and coverslip.


Results:
Amyloid - pale pink to red.
Nuclei - blue


Figure 1. Equine cutaneous amyloidosis, Congo red, non-polarized left, polarized right.

Effective: July 1, 2004
Cherie Chapman
James R. Turk

References:


Manual of Histologic and Special Staining Technics, New York, The Blakiston Division, McGraw- Hill Book Company, Inc., 1960, page 146.

Lillie, R.D. Histopathologic Technic, and Practical Histochemistry, New York, The Blakiston Company, Inc., 1954, page 293.

Benson MD, Dwulet FE, DiBartola SP. Identification and characterization of amyloid protein AA in spontaneous canine amyloidosis. Lab Invest. 1985;52:448-452.

Faunt KK, Turk JR, Cohn LA, Dodam JR, Johnson KH. Isolated right-ventricular hypertrophy associated with severe pulmonary vascular apolipoprotein A1-derived amyloidosis in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998;34:35-37.

Hawthorne TB, Bolon B, Meyer DJ. Systemic amyloidosis in a mare. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990;196:323-325.

Hoenig M, Hall G, Ferguson D, Jordan K, Henson M, Johnson K, O'Brien T. A feline model of experimentally induced islet amyloidosis. Am J Pathol. 2000;157:2143-2150.

Roertgen KE, Lund EM, O'Brien TD, Westermark P, Hayden DW, Johnson KH. Apolipoprotein AI-derived pulmonary vascular amyloid in aged dogs. Am J Pathol. 1995;147:1311-1317.

Schulze C, Brugmann M, Boer M, Brandt HP, Pohlenz J, Linke RP. Generalized AA-amyloidosis in Siberian tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) with predominant renal medullary amyloid deposition. Vet Pathol. 1998;35:70-74.